analyses of biological macromolecules
Biological macromolecules are polar㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀瀀㸀 The main point of the first segment of this material is this: THE MONOMER UNITS OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES HAVE HEADS AND TAILS. WHEN THEY POLYMERIZE IN A HEAD-TO-TAIL FASHION, THE RESULTING POLYMERS ALSO HAVE HEADS AND TAILS.㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀瀀㸀㰀椀洀最 愀氀椀最渀㴀爀椀最栀琀 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀㈀ 猀爀挀㴀∀⸀最椀昀∀㸀 These macromolecules are polar [polar: having different ends] because they are formed by head to tail condensation of polar monomers. Let's look at the three major classes of macromolecules to see how this works, and let's begin with carbohydrates. Monosaccharides polymerize to yield polysaccharides. 㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀瀀㸀 Glucose is a typical monosaccharide. It has two important types of functional group: a carbonyl group (an aldehyde in glucose, some other sugars have a ketone group instead.) hydroxyl groups on the other carbons. This is what you need to know about glucose, not its detailed structure.㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀瀀㸀 Glucose exists mostly in ring structures. ( 5-OH adds across the carbonyl oxygen double bond.) This is a so-called internal hemiacetal. The ring can close in either of two ways, giving rise to anomeric forms, -OH down (the alpha-form) and -OH up (the beta-form)㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀瀀㸀 The anomeric carbon (the carbon to which this -OH is attached) differs significantly from the other carbons. (note: it's easy to pick out because it is the only carbon with TWO oxygens -- ring and hydroxyl -- attached.)㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀瀀㸀 Free anomeric carbons have the chemical reactivity of carbonyl carbons because they spend part of their time in the open chain form. They can reduce alkaline solutions of cupric salts. Sugars with free anomeric carbons are therefore called reducing sugars. The rest of the carbohydrate consists of ordinary carbons and ordinary -OH groups. The point is, a monosaccharide can therefore be thought of as having polarity, with one end consisting of the anomeric carbon, and the other end consisting of the rest of the molecule. 㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀瀀㸀 Monosaccharides can polymerize by elimination of the elements of water戀攀琀眀攀攀渀 琀栀攀 愀渀漀洀攀爀椀挀 栀礀搀爀漀砀礀氀 愀渀搀 愀 栀礀搀爀漀砀礀氀 漀昀 愀渀漀琀栀攀爀 猀甀最愀爀⸀ 吀栀椀猀 椀猀 挀愀氀氀攀搀 愀 最氀礀挀漀猀椀搀椀挀 戀漀渀搀⸀
䤀昀 琀眀漀 愀渀漀洀攀爀椀挀 栀礀搀爀漀砀礀氀 最爀漀甀瀀猀 爀攀愀挀琀 ⠀栀攀愀搀 琀漀 栀攀愀搀 挀漀渀搀攀渀猀愀琀椀漀渀⤀ 琀栀攀 瀀爀漀搀甀挀琀 栀愀猀 渀漀 爀攀搀甀挀椀渀最 攀渀搀 ⠀渀漀 昀爀攀攀 愀渀漀洀攀爀椀挀 挀愀爀戀漀渀⤀⸀ 吀栀椀猀 椀猀 琀栀攀 挀愀猀攀 眀椀琀栀 猀甀挀爀漀猀攀
䤀昀 琀栀攀 愀渀漀洀攀爀椀挀 栀礀搀爀漀砀礀氀 爀攀愀挀琀猀 眀椀琀栀 愀 渀漀渀ⴀ愀渀漀洀攀爀椀挀 栀礀搀爀漀砀礀氀 漀昀 愀渀漀琀栀攀爀 猀甀最愀爀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 瀀爀漀搀甀挀琀 栀愀猀 攀渀搀猀 眀椀琀栀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 瀀爀漀瀀攀爀琀椀攀猀⸀
A reducing end (with a free anomeric carbon). 䄀 渀漀渀爀攀搀甀挀椀渀最 攀渀搀⸀
This is the case with maltose.㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀瀀㸀
Since most monosaccharides have more than one hydroxyl, branches are possible, and are common. Branches result in a more compact molecule. If the branch ends are the reactive sites, more branches provide more reactive sites per molecule.㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀瀀㸀
Let's now turn to nucleotides and nucleic acids. 㰀⼀戀爀㸀㰀戀爀㸀一甀挀氀攀漀琀椀搀攀猀 瀀漀氀礀洀攀爀椀稀攀 琀漀 礀椀攀氀搀 渀甀挀氀攀椀挀 愀挀椀搀猀⸀
Nucleotides consist of three parts. 㰀⼀戀爀㸀㰀戀爀㸀倀栀漀猀瀀栀愀琀攀⸀
Monosaccharide. 㰀⼀戀爀㸀㰀戀爀㸀刀椀戀漀猀攀 ⠀椀渀 爀椀戀漀渀甀挀氀攀漀琀椀搀攀猀⤀
Deoxyribose, which lacks a 2' -OH (in deoxyribonucleotides)㰀⼀戀爀㸀㰀戀爀㸀吀栀攀 瀀爀攀猀攀渀挀攀 漀爀 愀戀猀攀渀挀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 ㈀✀ ⴀ伀䠀 栀愀猀 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀愀氀 猀椀最渀椀昀椀挀愀渀挀攀 琀栀愀琀 眀椀氀氀 戀攀 搀椀猀挀甀猀猀攀搀 氀愀琀攀爀⸀
There are four dominant bases; here are three of them: 愀搀攀渀椀渀攀 ⠀瀀甀爀椀渀攀⤀ cytosine (pyrimidine) 最甀愀渀椀渀攀 ⠀瀀甀爀椀渀攀⤀
吀栀攀 昀漀甀爀琀栀 戀愀猀攀 椀猀 ⠀愀 瀀礀爀椀洀椀搀椀渀攀⤀ uracil (in ribonucleotides) or 琀栀礀洀椀渀攀 ⠀椀渀 搀攀漀砀礀爀椀戀漀渀甀挀氀攀漀琀椀搀攀猀⤀
䈀攀 愀眀愀爀攀 琀栀愀琀 甀爀愀挀椀氀 愀渀搀 琀栀礀洀椀渀攀 愀爀攀 瘀攀爀礀 猀椀洀椀氀愀爀㬀 琀栀攀礀 搀椀昀昀攀爀 漀渀氀礀 戀礀 愀 洀攀琀栀礀氀 最爀漀甀瀀⸀ 夀漀甀 渀攀攀搀 琀漀 欀渀漀眀 眀栀椀挀栀 愀爀攀 瀀甀爀椀渀攀猀 愀渀搀 眀栀椀挀栀 愀爀攀 瀀礀爀椀洀椀搀椀渀攀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 眀栀攀琀栀攀爀 椀琀 椀猀 琀栀攀 瀀甀爀椀渀攀猀 漀爀 琀栀攀 瀀礀爀椀洀椀搀椀渀攀猀 琀栀愀琀 栀愀瘀攀 漀渀攀 爀椀渀最⸀ 吀栀攀 爀攀愀猀漀渀猀 昀漀爀 欀渀漀眀椀渀最 琀栀攀猀攀 瀀漀椀渀琀猀 爀攀氀愀琀攀 琀漀 琀栀攀 眀愀礀 瀀甀爀椀渀攀猀 愀渀搀 瀀礀爀椀洀椀搀椀渀攀猀 椀渀琀攀爀愀挀琀 椀渀 渀甀挀氀攀椀挀 愀挀椀搀猀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 眀攀✀氀氀 挀漀瘀攀爀 猀栀漀爀琀氀礀⸀
一甀挀氀攀漀琀椀搀攀猀 瀀漀氀礀洀攀爀椀稀攀 戀礀 攀氀椀洀椀渀愀琀椀渀最 琀栀攀 攀氀攀洀攀渀琀猀 漀昀 眀愀琀攀爀 to form esters between the 5'-phosphate and the 3' -OH of another nucleotide. 㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀瀀㸀 A 3'->5' phosphodiester bond is thereby formed. The product has ends with different properties. 䄀渀 攀渀搀 眀椀琀栀 愀 昀爀攀攀 㔀✀ 最爀漀甀瀀 ⠀氀椀欀攀氀礀 眀椀琀栀 瀀栀漀猀瀀栀愀琀攀 愀琀琀愀挀栀攀搀⤀㬀 琀栀椀猀 椀猀 挀愀氀氀攀搀 琀栀攀 㔀✀ 攀渀搀⸀ An end with a free 3' group; this is called the 3' end.㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀瀀㸀 Let's look at the conventions for writing sequences of nucleotides in nucleic acids. Bases are abbreviated by their initials: A, C, G and U or T. U is normally found only in RNA, and T is normally found only in DNA. So the presence of U vs. T distinguishes between RNA and DNA in a written sequence.㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀瀀㸀 Sequences are written with the 5' end to the left and the 3' end to the right unless specifically designated otherwise.㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀瀀㸀 Phosphate groups are usually not shown unless the writer wants to draw attention to them. The following representations are all equivalent. 甀爀愀挀椀氀 愀搀攀渀椀渀攀 挀礀琀漀猀椀渀攀 最甀愀渀椀渀攀 | | | | 倀ⴀ爀椀戀漀猀攀ⴀ倀ⴀ爀椀戀漀猀攀ⴀ倀ⴀ爀椀戀漀猀攀ⴀ倀ⴀ爀椀戀漀猀攀ⴀ伀䠀 5' 3' 5' 3' 5' 3' 5' 3' pUpApCpG唀䄀䌀䜀 3' GCAU 5' 㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀瀀㸀 (Note that in the last line the sequence is written in reverse order , but the ends are appropriately designated.)㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀瀀㸀 Branches are possible in RNA but not in DNA. RNA has a 2' -OH, at which branching could occur, while DNA does not. Branching is very unusual; it is known to occur only during RNA modification [the "lariat"], but not in any finished RNA species. 䄀洀椀渀漀 愀挀椀搀猀 瀀漀氀礀洀攀爀椀稀攀 琀漀 昀漀爀洀 瀀漀氀礀瀀攀瀀琀椀搀攀猀 漀爀 瀀爀漀琀攀椀渀猀⸀ Amino acids contain a carboxylic acid (-COOH) group and an amino (-NH2) group. The amino groups are usually attached to the carbons which are alpha to the carboxyl carbons, so they are called alpha-amino acids. 㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀瀀㸀 The naturally occurring amino acids are optically active, as they have four different groups attached to one carbon, (Glycine is an exception, having two hydrogens) and have the L-configuration. 㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀瀀㸀 The R-groups of the amino acids provide a basis for classifying amino acids. There are many ways of classifying amino acids, but one very useful way is on the basis of how well or poorly the R-group interacts with water㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀瀀㸀 The first class is the hydrophobic R-groups which can be aliphatic (such as the methyl group of alanine) or aromatic (such as the phenyl group of phenylalanine). 吀栀攀 猀攀挀漀渀搀 挀氀愀猀猀 椀猀 琀栀攀 栀礀搀爀漀瀀栀椀氀椀挀 刀ⴀ最爀漀甀瀀猀 眀栀椀挀栀 挀愀渀 挀漀渀琀愀椀渀 渀攀甀琀爀愀氀 瀀漀氀愀爀 ⠀猀甀挀栀 愀猀 琀栀攀 ⴀ伀䠀 漀昀 猀攀爀椀渀攀⤀ 漀爀 椀漀渀椀稀愀戀氀攀 ⠀猀甀挀栀 愀猀 琀栀攀 ⴀ䌀伀伀䠀 漀昀 愀猀瀀愀爀琀愀琀攀⤀ 昀甀渀挀琀椀漀渀愀氀 最爀漀甀瀀猀⸀
䤀 眀愀猀 戀漀爀渀 椀渀 䄀愀爀戀攀爀最Ⰰ 匀眀椀琀稀攀爀氀愀渀搀Ⰰ 漀渀 伀挀琀漀戀攀爀 㐀Ⰰ 㤀㌀㠀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 搀甀爀椀渀最 洀礀 挀栀椀氀搀栀漀漀搀 䤀 氀椀瘀攀搀 椀渀 琀栀攀 猀洀愀氀氀 琀漀眀渀 漀昀 䰀礀猀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀 䈀攀爀渀攀爀 匀攀攀氀愀渀搀⸀ 䄀琀 琀栀攀 琀椀洀攀 琀栀椀猀 眀愀猀 愀 爀甀爀愀氀 愀爀攀愀 漀昀 昀愀爀洀氀愀渀搀Ⰰ 昀漀爀攀猀琀猀 愀渀搀 爀椀瘀攀爀猀⸀ 吀栀攀 爀漀漀琀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 圀ﰀ琀栀爀椀挀栀 昀愀洀椀氀礀 愀爀攀 椀渀 愀渀 攀瘀攀渀 洀漀爀攀 爀甀爀愀氀Ⰰ 洀漀甀渀琀愀椀渀漀甀猀 愀爀攀愀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 昀愀爀洀椀渀最 瘀椀氀氀愀最攀 漀昀 吀爀甀戀 椀渀 琀栀攀 䔀洀洀攀渀琀愀氀 渀攀愀爀 䈀攀爀渀⸀ 䴀礀 洀漀琀栀攀爀✀猀 昀愀洀椀氀礀 漀眀渀攀搀 琀栀攀 刀攀猀琀愀甀爀愀渀琀 ∀䈀爀攀渀∀ 愀渀搀 愀 戀愀欀攀爀礀 椀渀 䰀礀猀猀⸀ 䴀礀 最爀愀渀搀昀愀琀栀攀爀Ⰰ 伀琀琀漀 䬀甀挀栀攀渀Ⰰ 攀渀樀漀礀攀搀 昀椀猀栀椀渀最 愀渀搀 栀甀渀琀椀渀最Ⰰ 愀渀搀 栀椀猀 樀甀最最攀搀 栀愀爀攀 搀椀猀栀 眀愀猀 愀 眀椀搀攀氀礀 欀渀漀眀渀 昀愀氀氀 猀攀愀猀漀渀 搀攀氀椀挀愀挀礀 愀琀 琀栀攀 ∀䈀爀攀渀∀⸀ 䴀礀 椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀猀 搀甀爀椀渀最 挀栀椀氀搀栀漀漀搀 眀攀爀攀 氀愀爀最攀氀礀 椀渀昀氀甀攀渀挀攀搀 戀礀 漀甀爀 氀椀瘀椀渀最 椀渀 愀渀 漀氀搀 昀愀爀洀栀漀甀猀攀Ⰰ 眀栀攀爀攀 洀礀 猀攀挀漀渀搀 最爀愀渀搀昀愀琀栀攀爀Ⰰ 䨀愀欀漀戀 圀ﰀ琀栀爀椀挀栀Ⰰ 栀愀搀 戀攀攀渀 愀 昀愀爀洀攀爀⸀ 䄀氀琀栀漀甀最栀 洀礀 昀愀琀栀攀爀Ⰰ 䠀攀爀爀洀愀渀渀 圀ﰀ琀栀爀椀挀栀Ⰰ 琀漀漀欀 甀瀀 愀渀 漀挀挀甀瀀愀琀椀漀渀 愀猀 愀渀 愀挀挀漀甀渀琀愀渀琀Ⰰ 栀攀 爀攀洀愀椀渀攀搀 瘀攀爀礀 洀甀挀栀 愀琀琀愀挀栀攀搀 琀漀 栀椀猀 甀瀀戀爀椀渀最椀渀最猀 愀渀搀 漀甀爀 昀愀洀椀氀礀 瀀爀漀搀甀挀攀搀 愀 眀椀搀攀 爀愀渀最攀 漀昀 昀愀爀洀椀渀最 最漀漀搀猀⸀ 䴀礀 洀漀琀栀攀爀Ⰰ 䜀攀爀琀爀甀搀 圀ﰀ琀栀爀椀挀栀ⴀ䬀甀挀栀攀渀 眀愀猀 琀栀攀 琀爀甀攀 挀攀渀琀攀爀 漀昀 漀甀爀 昀愀洀椀氀礀 氀椀昀攀⸀ 䤀渀 愀搀搀椀琀椀漀渀 琀漀 爀愀椀猀椀渀最 洀攀 愀渀搀 洀礀 琀眀漀 礀漀甀渀最攀爀 猀椀猀琀攀爀猀Ⰰ 䔀氀椀猀愀戀攀琀栀 愀渀搀 刀甀琀栀Ⰰ 猀栀攀 搀椀搀 洀愀爀瘀攀氀漀甀猀 琀栀椀渀最猀 椀渀 琀栀攀 欀椀琀挀栀攀渀Ⰰ 琀攀渀搀攀搀 漀甀爀 戀椀最 最愀爀搀攀渀Ⰰ 爀愀椀猀攀搀 昀漀眀氀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 眀愀猀 椀渀瘀漀氀瘀攀搀 椀渀 瘀愀爀椀漀甀猀 愀挀琀椀瘀椀琀椀攀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀 挀漀洀洀甀渀椀琀礀⸀
䴀礀 椀渀琀攀渀猀攀 挀漀渀琀愀挀琀猀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 爀甀爀愀氀 攀渀瘀椀爀漀渀洀攀渀琀 漀昀 瀀氀愀渀琀猀 愀渀搀 愀渀椀洀愀氀猀 愀眀愀欀攀渀攀搀 洀礀 椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀 椀渀 渀愀琀甀爀愀氀 猀挀椀攀渀挀攀 愀琀 愀渀 攀愀爀氀礀 愀最攀⸀ 䤀渀 瀀愀爀琀椀挀甀氀愀爀Ⰰ 䤀 愀挀焀甀椀爀攀搀 愀 琀栀漀爀漀甀最栀 欀渀漀眀氀攀搀最攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 戀攀栀愀瘀椀漀爀 漀昀 愀氀氀 猀漀爀琀猀 漀昀 眀愀琀攀爀 愀渀椀洀愀氀猀Ⰰ 洀漀猀琀氀礀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀 漀戀猀攀爀瘀愀琀椀漀渀猀 洀愀搀攀 眀栀椀氀攀 攀渀樀漀礀椀渀最 愀氀氀 愀猀瀀攀挀琀猀 漀昀 眀漀爀欀 愀渀搀 昀甀渀 眀椀琀栀 愀 瀀爀椀瘀愀琀攀 琀爀漀甀琀 爀椀瘀攀爀⸀ 伀渀 爀愀爀攀 漀挀挀愀猀椀漀渀猀 䤀 猀琀椀氀氀 攀渀樀漀礀 昀椀猀栀椀渀最 琀爀椀瀀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 䤀 愀洀 愀 洀攀洀戀攀爀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䴀攀爀挀甀爀礀 䈀愀礀 䜀愀洀攀 䘀椀猀栀椀渀最 䌀氀甀戀 椀渀 圀栀椀琀椀愀渀最愀Ⰰ 一攀眀 娀攀愀氀愀渀搀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 氀椀猀琀猀 䔀爀渀攀猀琀 䠀攀洀椀渀最眀愀礀 愀渀搀 娀愀渀攀 䜀爀攀礀 愀洀漀渀最 椀琀猀 愀氀氀ⴀ琀椀洀攀 洀攀洀戀攀爀猀栀椀瀀⸀ 圀椀琀栀 爀攀最愀爀搀 琀漀 洀礀 瀀爀漀昀攀猀猀椀漀渀愀氀 氀椀昀攀Ⰰ 䤀 栀愀搀 猀攀琀 洀礀 洀椀渀搀 漀渀 戀攀挀漀洀椀渀最 愀 昀漀爀攀猀琀 攀渀最椀渀攀攀爀⸀ 䄀氀琀栀漀甀最栀 䤀 猀甀戀猀攀焀甀攀渀琀氀礀 挀栀愀渀最攀搀 洀礀 洀椀渀搀 椀渀 琀栀椀猀 爀攀最愀爀搀Ⰰ 䤀 猀琀椀氀氀 攀渀樀漀礀 琀攀渀搀椀渀最 琀栀攀 昀愀洀椀氀礀 昀漀爀攀猀琀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 渀漀眀 挀漀渀琀愀椀渀猀 琀爀攀攀猀 琀栀愀琀 眀攀爀攀 瀀氀愀渀琀攀搀 戀礀 琀栀爀攀攀 最攀渀攀爀愀琀椀漀渀猀 漀昀 漀甀爀 昀愀洀椀氀礀 猀琀愀爀琀椀渀最 眀椀琀栀 洀礀 最爀愀渀搀昀愀琀栀攀爀⸀
At the Mercury Bay Game Fishing Club in Whitianga, New Zealand, 1987.
My formal training toward an academic profession started in 1952, when I transferred from the village schools in Lyss to the Gymnasium in the nearby "bilingue" city of Biel/Bienne. During the Gymnasium years my interests widened beyond forestry and fishing. We had the good fortune that our science and language teachers were either former University professors, who had left their academic positions elsewhere in Europe during the Second World War and found a haven in Biel, or followed the then common practice of using a teaching assignment at Gymnasium level as a stepping-stone for an academic career. At age 14 to 18 we were a group of seven students specializing in "natural sciences" who were thus trained in mathematics and physics at university level, and I happily accepted the challenge. According to my mother, it was during those years that I got used to working through the nights. Another focus was the French language, French literature, and French theatre and movies, which was largely motivated by the fact that the composition of our class as well as our teachers represented the bilingual character of Biel/Bienne. The Gymnasium Biel was informally attached to the Swiss Federal School of Sports and Gymnastics in nearby Magglingen, and thus my interest in competitive sports was awakened. These three areas all play an important role in my life up to the present days. Physics and mathematics are key activities in my professional life, professional visits in Paris and "les provinces" are combined with the sampling of French food, wine and culture, and I not only obtained the "Eidgenössisches Turn- und Sportlehrerdiplom" as one of my University degrees, but also played in a competitive soccer league well beyond the age of 50.㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀瀀㸀 䄀猀 愀 瀀漀猀琀搀漀挀琀漀爀愀氀 猀琀甀搀攀渀琀 椀渀 䈀攀爀欀攀氀攀礀Ⰰ 㤀㘀㘀⸀
䈀礀 渀漀眀 䤀 挀愀渀 氀漀漀欀 戀愀挀欀 漀渀 㐀 礀攀愀爀猀 漀昀 椀渀琀攀渀猀攀 椀渀瘀漀氀瘀攀洀攀渀琀 眀椀琀栀 琀攀挀栀渀椀焀甀攀猀 爀攀昀攀爀爀攀搀 琀漀 愀猀 ∀洀愀最渀攀琀椀挀 爀攀猀漀渀愀渀挀攀 猀瀀攀挀琀爀漀猀挀漀瀀礀∀⸀ 䄀琀 琀栀攀 漀甀琀猀攀琀 椀渀 㤀㘀㈀ 愀渀搀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀漀甀琀 洀礀 最爀愀搀甀愀琀攀 猀琀甀搀椀攀猀 琀栀攀爀攀 眀愀猀 攀氀攀挀琀爀漀渀 瀀愀爀愀洀愀最渀攀琀椀挀 爀攀猀漀渀愀渀挀攀 ⠀䔀倀刀 猀瀀攀挀琀爀漀猀挀漀瀀礀⤀⸀ 䔀倀刀 眀愀猀 挀漀洀瀀氀攀洀攀渀琀攀搀 搀甀爀椀渀最 洀礀 瀀漀猀琀搀漀挀琀漀爀愀氀 琀爀愀椀渀椀渀最 昀爀漀洀 㤀㘀㔀ⴀ㤀㘀㜀 戀礀 渀甀挀氀攀愀爀 洀愀最渀攀琀椀挀 爀攀猀漀渀愀渀挀攀 ⠀一䴀刀⤀ 猀瀀攀挀琀爀漀猀挀漀瀀礀 愀瀀瀀氀椀攀搀 琀漀 挀栀攀洀椀挀愀氀 瀀栀礀猀椀挀猀 瀀爀漀樀攀挀琀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 猀椀渀挀攀 琀栀攀 昀愀氀氀 漀昀 㤀㘀㜀 䤀 栀愀瘀攀 甀猀攀搀 一䴀刀 昀漀爀 猀琀甀搀椀攀猀 漀昀 戀椀漀氀漀最椀挀愀氀 洀愀挀爀漀洀漀氀攀挀甀氀攀猀⸀ 䘀爀漀洀 琀栀攀爀攀 椀琀 眀愀猀 愀 猀椀渀甀漀甀猀 愀瘀攀渀甀攀 琀栀愀琀 氀攀搀 戀礀 㤀㠀㐀 琀漀 琀栀攀 一䴀刀 洀攀琀栀漀搀 昀漀爀 瀀爀漀琀攀椀渀 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀 搀攀琀攀爀洀椀渀愀琀椀漀渀 椀渀 猀漀氀甀琀椀漀渀⸀ 伀甀爀 爀攀猀甀氀琀猀 眀攀爀攀 漀挀挀愀猀椀漀渀愀氀氀礀 洀攀琀 眀椀琀栀 搀漀甀戀琀猀 愀渀搀 搀椀猀戀攀氀椀攀昀Ⰰ 猀漀 琀栀愀琀 挀漀渀猀椀搀攀爀愀戀氀攀 洀漀爀愀氀 猀琀爀攀渀最琀栀 愀渀搀 瀀攀爀猀攀瘀攀爀愀渀挀攀 眀愀猀 愀琀 琀椀洀攀猀 挀愀氀氀攀搀 昀漀爀⸀
䐀甀爀椀渀最 洀礀 猀琀甀搀攀渀琀 礀攀愀爀猀 昀爀漀洀 㤀㔀㜀ⴀ㤀㘀㈀Ⰰ 一䴀刀 猀瀀攀挀琀爀漀猀挀漀瀀礀 眀愀猀 樀甀猀琀 戀攀椀渀最 椀渀琀爀漀搀甀挀攀搀 愀猀 愀渀 愀渀愀氀礀琀椀挀愀氀 琀漀漀氀 椀渀 挀栀攀洀椀猀琀爀礀Ⰰ 洀漀氀攀挀甀氀愀爀 戀椀漀氀漀最礀 眀愀猀 渀漀琀 礀攀琀 攀猀琀愀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 愀猀 愀渀 椀渀搀攀瀀攀渀搀攀渀琀 搀椀猀挀椀瀀氀椀渀攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 椀渀椀琀椀愀氀 琀栀爀攀攀ⴀ搀椀洀攀渀猀椀漀渀愀氀 瀀爀漀琀攀椀渀 挀爀礀猀琀愀氀 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀猀 眀攀爀攀 樀甀猀琀 攀洀攀爀最椀渀最⸀ 䴀礀 攀搀甀挀愀琀椀漀渀 愀琀 琀栀攀 唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀 漀昀 䈀攀爀渀 挀漀甀氀搀 琀栀甀猀 渀漀琀 瀀漀猀猀椀戀氀礀 挀漀瘀攀爀 琀栀攀 愀爀攀愀猀 漀昀 漀甀爀 挀甀爀爀攀渀琀 爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀⸀ 吀栀攀 昀愀挀甀氀琀礀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 猀琀甀搀攀渀琀 挀氀愀猀猀攀猀 椀渀 䈀攀爀渀 眀攀爀攀 猀洀愀氀氀 椀渀 渀甀洀戀攀爀猀Ⰰ 眀椀琀栀 琀栀爀攀攀 瀀栀礀猀椀挀猀 猀琀甀搀攀渀琀猀 愀渀搀 猀攀瘀攀渀 挀栀攀洀椀猀琀爀礀 猀琀甀搀攀渀琀猀 猀琀愀爀琀椀渀最 椀渀 㤀㔀㜀⸀ 䘀爀漀洀 洀礀 挀甀爀爀椀挀甀氀甀洀 椀渀 挀栀攀洀椀猀琀爀礀Ⰰ 瀀栀礀猀椀挀猀 愀渀搀 洀愀琀栀攀洀愀琀椀挀猀Ⰰ 䤀 戀攀猀琀 爀攀洀攀洀戀攀爀 椀渀琀攀渀猀攀 眀漀爀欀 椀渀 氀椀渀攀愀爀 愀氀最攀戀爀愀Ⰰ 挀氀愀猀猀椀挀愀氀 洀攀挀栀愀渀椀挀猀Ⰰ 挀栀攀洀椀挀愀氀 琀栀攀爀洀漀搀礀渀愀洀椀挀猀Ⰰ 瀀栀礀猀椀挀愀氀 挀栀攀洀椀猀琀爀礀 漀昀 猀礀渀琀栀攀琀椀挀 瀀漀氀礀洀攀爀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 瀀爀攀瀀愀爀愀琀椀瘀攀 戀椀漀挀栀攀洀椀猀琀爀礀 漀昀 瀀爀漀琀攀椀渀猀 愀渀搀 渀甀挀氀攀椀挀 愀挀椀搀猀⸀ 吀栀椀猀 挀漀洀戀椀渀愀琀椀漀渀 琀甀爀渀攀搀 漀甀琀 琀漀 戀攀 愀渀 攀砀挀攀氀氀攀渀琀 昀漀甀渀搀愀琀椀漀渀 昀漀爀 洀礀 氀愀琀攀爀 猀挀椀攀渀琀椀昀椀挀 愀挀琀椀瘀椀琀椀攀猀⸀ 吀栀攀 氀愀猀琀 琀眀漀 礀攀愀爀猀 漀昀 昀漀爀洀愀氀 攀搀甀挀愀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 昀爀漀洀 㤀㘀㈀ 琀漀 㤀㘀㐀Ⰰ 眀攀爀攀 猀瀀攀渀琀 愀琀 琀栀攀 唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀 漀昀 䈀愀猀攀氀Ⰰ 洀愀樀漀爀椀渀最 椀渀 猀瀀漀爀琀猀 愀渀搀 最攀琀琀椀渀最 愀 倀栀⸀䐀⸀ 椀渀 挀栀攀洀椀猀琀爀礀⸀ 匀琀甀搀礀椀渀最 猀瀀漀爀琀猀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀搀 愀戀漀甀琀 ㈀㔀 眀攀攀欀氀礀 栀漀甀爀猀 漀昀 椀渀琀攀渀猀攀 瀀栀礀猀椀挀愀氀 攀砀攀爀挀椀猀攀 愀猀 眀攀氀氀 愀猀 瀀爀攀洀攀搀椀挀愀氀 挀漀甀爀猀攀猀 椀渀 栀甀洀愀渀 愀渀愀琀漀洀礀 愀渀搀 瀀栀礀猀椀漀氀漀最礀⸀ 䌀漀洀戀椀渀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 攀砀瀀攀爀椀攀渀挀攀 最愀椀渀攀搀 昀爀漀洀 漀戀猀攀爀瘀愀琀椀漀渀猀 洀愀搀攀 漀渀 洀礀猀攀氀昀 椀渀 琀栀攀 瀀甀爀猀甀椀琀 漀昀 挀漀洀瀀攀琀椀琀椀瘀攀 猀瀀漀爀琀猀Ⰰ 琀栀椀猀 瀀爀漀瘀椀搀攀搀 愀渀 愀搀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀 搀椀洀攀渀猀椀漀渀 琀漀 洀礀 攀搀甀挀愀琀椀漀渀⸀ 吀栀攀 猀甀戀樀攀挀琀 漀昀 洀礀 倀栀⸀䐀⸀ 琀栀攀猀椀猀 椀渀 椀渀漀爀最愀渀椀挀 挀栀攀洀椀猀琀爀礀 眀椀琀栀 倀爀漀昀攀猀猀漀爀 匀椀氀瘀椀漀 䘀愀氀氀愀戀 眀愀猀 琀栀攀 挀愀琀愀氀礀琀椀挀 愀挀琀椀瘀椀琀礀 漀昀 挀漀瀀瀀攀爀 挀漀洀瀀漀甀渀搀猀 椀渀 愀甀琀漀砀椀搀愀琀椀漀渀 爀攀愀挀琀椀漀渀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 昀漀爀 琀栀椀猀 瀀爀漀樀攀挀琀 琀栀攀 愀瘀愀椀氀愀戀椀氀椀琀礀 漀昀 愀 猀琀愀琀攀ⴀ漀昀ⴀ琀栀攀ⴀ愀爀琀 䔀倀刀 猀瀀攀挀琀爀漀洀攀琀攀爀 椀渀 琀栀攀 倀栀礀猀椀挀猀 䤀渀猀琀椀琀甀琀攀 眀愀猀 愀 最爀攀愀琀 漀瀀瀀漀爀琀甀渀椀琀礀⸀
匀琀甀搀礀椀渀最 渀愀琀甀爀愀氀 猀挀椀攀渀挀攀猀 栀愀猀 愀氀眀愀礀猀 戀攀攀渀 愀 氀漀琀 漀昀 昀甀渀 昀漀爀 洀攀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 渀漀渀攀琀栀攀氀攀猀猀 洀礀 洀椀渀搀 眀愀猀 焀甀椀琀攀 猀漀氀椀搀氀礀 猀攀琀 漀渀 愀 挀愀爀攀攀爀 愀猀 愀 栀椀最栀 猀挀栀漀漀氀 琀攀愀挀栀攀爀 眀椀琀栀 愀 栀攀愀瘀礀 椀渀瘀漀氀瘀攀洀攀渀琀 椀渀 猀瀀漀爀琀猀⸀ 䤀渀 瀀愀爀愀氀氀攀氀 琀漀 洀礀 猀琀甀搀椀攀猀 椀渀 渀愀琀甀爀愀氀 猀挀椀攀渀挀攀猀Ⰰ 䤀 攀砀琀攀渀猀椀瘀攀氀礀 礀椀攀氀搀攀搀 琀漀 眀栀愀琀 䤀 琀栀漀甀最栀琀 琀漀 戀攀 洀礀 瘀漀挀愀琀椀漀渀⸀ 吀栀甀猀Ⰰ 搀甀爀椀渀最 琀栀攀 礀攀愀爀猀 㤀㔀㜀ⴀ㤀㘀㈀Ⰰ 䤀 猀瀀攀渀琀 瀀愀爀琀 漀昀 攀愀挀栀 眀椀渀琀攀爀 愀猀 愀 猀欀椀 椀渀猀琀爀甀挀琀漀爀 椀渀 匀眀椀猀猀 洀漀甀渀琀愀椀渀 爀攀猀漀爀琀猀⸀ 䘀爀漀洀 㤀㔀㤀 琀漀 㤀㘀㔀Ⰰ 䤀 栀愀搀 瀀愀爀琀ⴀ琀椀洀攀 樀漀戀猀 椀渀 栀椀最栀 猀挀栀漀漀氀猀Ⰰ 昀椀爀猀琀 琀攀愀挀栀椀渀最 瀀栀礀猀椀挀猀 愀琀 琀栀攀 䬀愀渀琀漀渀猀猀挀栀甀氀攀 匀漀氀漀琀栀甀爀渀Ⰰ 琀栀攀渀 挀栀攀洀椀猀琀爀礀 愀琀 琀栀攀 䜀礀洀渀愀猀椀甀洀 䈀椀攀氀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 昀椀渀愀氀氀礀 最礀洀渀愀猀琀椀挀猀 愀琀 琀栀攀 䴀搀挀栀攀渀最礀洀渀愀猀椀甀洀 椀渀 䈀愀猀攀氀⸀ 吀栀攀猀攀 琀攀愀挀栀椀渀最 愀猀猀椀最渀洀攀渀琀猀 愀氀猀漀 栀愀搀 愀渀 椀洀瀀漀爀琀愀渀琀 椀洀瀀愀挀琀 漀渀 洀礀 瀀攀爀猀漀渀愀氀 氀椀昀攀⸀ 䤀渀 㤀㘀Ⰰ 眀栀椀氀攀 漀渀 洀礀 樀漀戀 愀猀 愀 猀欀椀 椀渀猀琀爀甀挀琀漀爀 椀渀 琀栀攀 爀攀猀漀爀琀 琀漀眀渀 漀昀 匀愀愀渀攀渀洀猀攀爀 椀渀 琀栀攀 䈀攀爀渀攀爀 伀戀攀爀氀愀渀搀Ⰰ 䤀 洀攀琀 洀礀 眀椀昀攀Ⰰ 䴀愀爀椀愀渀渀攀 䈀爀椀渀攀爀Ⰰ 眀栀漀 愀琀 琀栀攀 琀椀洀攀 眀愀猀 愀渀 攀氀攀洀攀渀琀愀爀礀 猀挀栀漀漀氀 琀攀愀挀栀攀爀⸀ 圀攀 眀攀爀攀 洀愀爀爀椀攀搀 椀渀 㤀㘀㌀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 䴀愀爀椀愀渀渀攀 琀栀攀渀 樀漀椀渀攀搀 洀攀 椀渀 猀琀甀搀礀椀渀最 猀瀀漀爀琀猀 愀琀 琀栀攀 唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀 漀昀 䈀愀猀攀氀Ⰰ 最爀愀搀甀愀琀椀渀最 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 ∀䔀椀搀最攀渀猀猀椀猀挀栀攀猀 吀甀爀渀ⴀ 甀渀搀 匀瀀漀爀琀氀攀栀爀攀爀搀椀瀀氀漀洀∀ 愀渀搀 猀瀀攀挀椀愀氀椀稀椀渀最 椀渀 洀漀搀攀爀渀 搀愀渀挀攀⸀ 䄀昀琀攀爀 琀栀攀 最爀愀搀甀愀琀攀 猀琀甀搀攀渀琀 愀渀搀 瀀漀猀琀搀漀挀琀漀爀愀氀 礀攀愀爀猀 眀攀 猀琀愀爀琀攀搀 愀 昀愀洀椀氀礀Ⰰ 眀椀琀栀 漀甀爀 猀漀渀 䈀攀爀渀栀愀爀搀 䄀渀搀爀攀眀 戀攀椀渀最 戀漀爀渀 椀渀 㤀㘀㠀 椀渀 䈀攀爀欀攀氀攀礀 䠀攀椀最栀琀猀Ⰰ 一䨀Ⰰ 唀匀䄀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 漀甀爀 搀愀甀最栀琀攀爀 䬀愀爀椀渀 䰀礀渀渀 樀漀椀渀椀渀最 甀猀 椀渀 㤀㜀 椀渀 䜀爀攀椀昀攀渀猀攀攀 渀攀愀爀 娀ﰀ爀椀挀栀Ⰰ 匀眀椀琀稀攀爀氀愀渀搀⸀
䄀昀琀攀爀 昀椀渀椀猀栀椀渀最 洀礀 最爀愀搀甀愀琀攀 猀琀甀搀椀攀猀 䤀 猀瀀攀渀琀 愀渀漀琀栀攀爀 礀攀愀爀 椀渀 䈀愀猀攀氀 挀漀渀挀攀渀琀爀愀琀椀渀最 漀渀 䔀倀刀 猀琀甀搀椀攀猀 漀昀 洀攀琀愀氀 挀漀洀瀀氀攀砀攀猀 椀渀 猀漀氀甀琀椀漀渀⸀ 䤀渀 琀栀攀 猀瀀爀椀渀最 漀昀 㤀㘀㔀 眀攀 洀漀瘀攀搀 琀漀 琀栀攀 唀匀䄀Ⰰ 眀栀攀爀攀 䤀 樀漀椀渀攀搀 倀爀漀昀攀猀猀漀爀 刀漀戀攀爀琀 䔀⸀ 䌀漀渀渀椀挀欀 愀琀 琀栀攀 唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀 漀昀 䌀愀氀椀昀漀爀渀椀愀Ⰰ 䈀攀爀欀攀氀攀礀Ⰰ 昀漀爀 瀀漀猀琀搀漀挀琀漀爀愀氀 琀爀愀椀渀椀渀最⸀ 圀攀 甀猀攀搀 一䴀刀 猀瀀椀渀 爀攀氀愀砀愀琀椀漀渀 洀攀愀猀甀爀攀洀攀渀琀猀 漀昀 㜀伀Ⰰ ㈀䠀 愀渀搀 䠀 椀渀 愀搀搀椀琀椀漀渀 琀漀 䔀倀刀 昀漀爀 猀琀甀搀椀攀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 栀礀搀爀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 洀攀琀愀氀 椀漀渀猀 愀渀搀 洀攀琀愀氀 挀漀洀瀀氀攀砀攀猀⸀ 吀栀攀 䈀攀爀欀攀氀攀礀 瀀攀爀椀漀搀 眀愀猀 搀攀瘀漀琀攀搀 琀漀 椀渀琀攀渀猀椀瘀攀 眀漀爀欀 漀渀 琀栀攀 琀栀攀漀爀礀 漀昀 渀甀挀氀攀愀爀 猀瀀椀渀 爀攀氀愀砀愀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 最爀漀甀瀀 琀栀攀漀爀礀 愀渀搀 焀甀愀渀琀甀洀 洀攀挀栀愀渀椀挀猀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 眀愀猀 洀漀琀椀瘀愀琀攀搀 戀礀 䈀漀戀 䌀漀渀渀椀挀欀✀猀 眀攀攀欀氀礀 最爀漀甀瀀 猀攀洀椀渀愀爀Ⰰ 愀 最爀愀搀甀愀琀攀 挀漀甀爀猀攀 漀渀 ∀䜀爀漀甀瀀 吀栀攀漀爀礀 愀渀搀 儀甀愀渀琀甀洀 䴀攀挀栀愀渀椀挀猀∀ 戀礀 倀爀漀昀攀猀猀漀爀 䴀椀挀栀愀攀氀 吀椀渀欀栀愀洀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀渀 椀渀琀攀渀猀攀 挀漀氀氀愀戀漀爀愀琀椀漀渀 眀椀琀栀 愀渀漀琀栀攀爀 匀眀椀猀猀 瀀漀猀琀搀漀挀Ⰰ 䄀氀攀砀 瘀漀渀 娀攀氀攀眀猀欀礀Ⰰ 眀栀漀 猀漀漀渀 琀栀攀爀攀愀昀琀攀爀 愀挀挀攀瀀琀攀搀 琀栀攀 挀栀愀椀爀 漀昀 椀渀漀爀最愀渀椀挀 挀栀攀洀椀猀琀爀礀 愀琀 琀栀攀 唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀 漀昀 䘀爀椀戀漀甀爀最 椀渀 匀眀椀琀稀攀爀氀愀渀搀⸀ 伀瘀攀爀 琀栀攀 礀攀愀爀猀Ⰰ 䴀愀爀椀愀渀渀攀 愀渀搀 䤀 爀攀琀甀爀渀攀搀 愀琀 爀攀最甀氀愀爀 椀渀琀攀爀瘀愀氀猀 琀漀 䈀攀爀欀攀氀攀礀Ⰰ 琀漀 爀攀渀攀眀 琀栀攀 昀爀椀攀渀搀猀栀椀瀀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 㤀㘀 猀 愀渀搀 爀攀瘀椀瘀攀 昀漀渀搀 洀攀洀漀爀椀攀猀⸀
䤀渀 伀挀琀漀戀攀爀 㤀㘀㜀 䤀 樀漀椀渀攀搀 琀栀攀 䈀椀漀瀀栀礀猀椀挀猀 䐀攀瀀愀爀琀洀攀渀琀 漀昀 䐀爀⸀ 刀漀戀攀爀琀 䜀⸀ 匀栀甀氀洀愀渀 愀琀 䈀攀氀氀 吀攀氀攀瀀栀漀渀攀 䰀愀戀漀爀愀琀漀爀椀攀猀 椀渀 䴀甀爀爀愀礀 䠀椀氀氀Ⰰ 一攀眀 䨀攀爀猀攀礀⸀ 䤀 眀愀猀 最椀瘀攀渀 爀攀猀瀀漀渀猀椀戀椀氀椀琀礀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 洀愀椀渀琀攀渀愀渀挀攀 漀昀 眀栀愀琀 眀愀猀 漀渀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 昀椀爀猀琀 猀甀瀀攀爀挀漀渀搀甀挀琀椀渀最 栀椀最栀 爀攀猀漀氀甀琀椀漀渀 一䴀刀 猀瀀攀挀琀爀漀洀攀琀攀爀猀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 漀瀀攀爀愀琀攀搀 愀琀 愀 瀀爀漀琀漀渀 爀攀猀漀渀愀渀挀攀 昀爀攀焀甀攀渀挀礀 漀昀 ㈀㈀ 䴀䠀稀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 䤀 眀愀猀 漀琀栀攀爀眀椀猀攀 昀爀攀攀 琀漀 甀猀攀 琀栀椀猀 椀渀猀琀爀甀洀攀渀琀 昀漀爀 ∀爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 漀渀 瀀爀漀琀攀椀渀 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀 愀渀搀 昀甀渀挀琀椀漀渀∀⸀ 䐀甀攀 琀漀 洀礀 戀愀挀欀最爀漀甀渀搀Ⰰ 洀礀 椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀 眀愀猀 昀漀挀甀猀攀搀 漀渀 洀攀琀愀氀 挀攀渀琀攀爀猀 爀愀琀栀攀爀 琀栀愀渀 漀渀 瀀漀氀礀瀀攀瀀琀椀搀攀 挀栀愀椀渀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀氀氀 洀礀 椀渀椀琀椀愀氀 瀀爀漀樀攀挀琀猀 椀渀 栀椀最栀 爀攀猀漀氀甀琀椀漀渀 一䴀刀 栀愀搀 琀漀 搀漀 眀椀琀栀 栀攀洀漀瀀爀漀琀攀椀渀猀⸀ 唀猀椀渀最 戀氀漀漀搀 猀愀洀瀀氀攀搀 昀爀漀洀 洀礀 愀爀洀 椀渀 琀栀攀 昀椀爀猀琀 愀椀搀 猀琀愀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 愀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀 挀漀氀氀攀愀最甀攀 愀琀 䈀攀氀氀 䰀愀戀猀Ⰰ 䐀爀⸀ 吀攀琀猀甀漀 夀愀洀愀渀攀Ⰰ 瀀爀攀瀀愀爀攀搀 ∀栀攀洀漀最氀漀戀椀渀 ⠀䬀圀⤀∀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 愀 昀攀眀 洀漀渀琀栀猀 眀攀 昀漀甀渀搀 攀渀琀椀爀攀氀礀 渀攀眀 愀瘀攀渀甀攀猀 漀昀 搀攀爀椀瘀椀渀最 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 漀渀 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀ⴀ昀甀渀挀琀椀漀渀 挀漀爀爀攀氀愀琀椀漀渀猀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 一䴀刀 猀瀀攀挀琀爀愀 漀昀 栀攀洀漀最氀漀戀椀渀 愀渀搀 漀琀栀攀爀 栀攀洀漀瀀爀漀琀攀椀渀猀⸀ 吀栀攀猀攀 瀀爀漀樀攀挀琀猀 眀攀爀攀 愀 氀甀挀欀礀 挀栀漀椀挀攀㨀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 氀椀洀椀琀攀搀 猀攀渀猀椀琀椀瘀椀琀礀 愀渀搀 猀瀀攀挀琀爀愀氀 爀攀猀漀氀甀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 椀渀猀琀爀甀洀攀渀琀愀琀椀漀渀 愀瘀愀椀氀愀戀氀攀 椀渀 㤀㘀㠀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 猀瀀攀挀椀愀氀 猀瀀攀挀琀爀愀氀 瀀爀漀瀀攀爀琀椀攀猀 漀昀 栀攀洀漀瀀爀漀琀攀椀渀猀 眀攀爀攀 愀 最爀攀愀琀 愀猀猀攀琀 昀漀爀 猀甀挀挀攀猀猀昀甀氀 一䴀刀 愀瀀瀀氀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀猀⸀ 䴀愀渀礀 礀攀愀爀猀 氀愀琀攀爀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 甀渀椀焀甀攀 一䴀刀 猀瀀攀挀琀爀愀氀 昀攀愀琀甀爀攀猀 琀栀愀琀 攀渀愀戀氀攀搀 琀栀攀 攀愀爀氀礀 眀漀爀欀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀猀攀 洀攀琀愀氀氀漀瀀爀漀琀攀椀渀猀 栀愀搀 愀渀 椀洀瀀漀爀琀愀渀琀 爀漀氀攀 椀渀 瘀愀爀椀漀甀猀 愀猀瀀攀挀琀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 搀攀瘀攀氀漀瀀洀攀渀琀 漀昀 琀栀攀 一䴀刀 洀攀琀栀漀搀 昀漀爀 琀栀爀攀攀搀椀洀攀渀猀椀漀渀愀氀 瀀爀漀琀攀椀渀 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀 搀攀琀攀爀洀椀渀愀琀椀漀渀⸀
䤀渀 伀挀琀漀戀攀爀 㤀㘀㤀 䤀 爀攀琀甀爀渀攀搀 琀漀 匀眀椀琀稀攀爀氀愀渀搀 琀漀 樀漀椀渀 琀栀攀 䔀吀䠀 娀ﰀ爀椀挀栀⸀ 䘀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 猀琀愀爀琀 䤀 眀愀猀 攀焀甀愀氀氀礀 眀攀氀氀 攀焀甀椀瀀瀀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 一䴀刀 愀渀搀 䔀倀刀 椀渀猀琀爀甀洀攀渀琀愀琀椀漀渀 愀猀 瀀爀攀瘀椀漀甀猀氀礀 愀琀 䈀攀氀氀 吀攀氀攀瀀栀漀渀攀 䰀愀戀漀爀愀琀漀爀椀攀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 搀甀爀椀渀最 琀栀攀 昀漀氀氀漀眀椀渀最 ㌀㈀ 礀攀愀爀猀 琀栀攀 䔀吀䠀 瀀爀漀瘀椀搀攀搀 甀猀 椀渀 爀攀最甀氀愀爀 椀渀琀攀爀瘀愀氀猀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 洀漀猀琀 愀搀瘀愀渀挀攀搀 一䴀刀 攀焀甀椀瀀洀攀渀琀⸀ 唀渀琀椀氀 㤀㜀㔀 䤀 眀愀猀 眀漀爀欀椀渀最 眀椀琀栀 愀 猀洀愀氀氀 最爀漀甀瀀 漀昀 猀琀甀搀攀渀琀猀Ⰰ 愀 挀栀攀洀椀挀愀氀 攀渀最椀渀攀攀爀Ⰰ 刀甀搀漀氀昀 䈀愀甀洀愀渀渀Ⰰ 眀栀漀 栀愀猀 猀琀愀礀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 洀攀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀漀甀琀 愀氀氀 琀栀攀猀攀 礀攀愀爀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀 瀀漀猀琀搀漀挀琀漀爀愀氀 愀猀猀漀挀椀愀琀攀 眀椀琀栀 愀 瀀栀礀猀椀挀猀 倀栀⸀䐀⸀ 椀渀 猀漀氀椀搀 猀琀愀琀攀 䔀倀刀Ⰰ 䐀爀⸀ 刀攀最甀氀愀 䬀攀氀氀攀爀Ⰰ 眀栀漀 氀愀爀最攀氀礀 琀漀漀欀 爀攀猀瀀漀渀猀椀戀椀氀椀琀礀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 眀椀琀栀 栀攀洀漀瀀爀漀琀攀椀渀猀 昀爀漀洀 㤀㜀 琀漀 㤀㠀㈀⸀ 䤀渀 㤀㜀㌀Ⰰ 䜀攀爀栀愀爀搀 圀愀最渀攀爀 搀攀挀椀搀攀搀 琀漀 搀漀 栀椀猀 最爀愀搀甀愀琀攀 眀漀爀欀 眀椀琀栀 洀攀⸀ 䜀攀爀栀愀爀搀 琀栀攀渀 猀琀愀礀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 最爀漀甀瀀 甀渀琀椀氀 㤀㠀㜀Ⰰ 瀀甀爀猀甀椀渀最 愀 挀氀愀猀猀椀挀愀氀 䔀甀爀漀瀀攀愀渀 愀挀愀搀攀洀椀挀 挀愀爀攀攀爀 眀椀琀栀 䠀愀戀椀氀椀琀愀琀椀漀渀 戀攀昀漀爀攀 猀攀琀琀氀椀渀最 愀猀 愀 倀爀漀昀攀猀猀漀爀 愀琀 䠀愀爀瘀愀爀搀 䴀攀搀椀挀愀氀 匀挀栀漀漀氀⸀ 䈀攀椀渀最 愀戀氀攀 琀漀 欀攀攀瀀 漀甀琀猀琀愀渀搀椀渀最 樀甀渀椀漀爀 猀挀椀攀渀琀椀猀琀猀 愀猀 爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 愀猀猀漀挀椀愀琀攀猀 漀瘀攀爀 攀砀琀攀渀搀攀搀 瀀攀爀椀漀搀猀 漀昀 琀椀洀攀 眀愀猀 愀 猀瀀攀挀椀愀氀 瀀爀椀瘀椀氀攀最攀 攀渀樀漀礀攀搀 戀礀 猀攀渀椀漀爀 昀愀挀甀氀琀礀 椀渀 琀栀攀 琀爀愀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀 ∀䔀甀爀漀瀀攀愀渀 猀礀猀琀攀洀∀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 挀漀渀琀椀渀甀攀搀 瀀爀攀猀攀渀挀攀 漀昀 刀甀搀漀氀昀Ⰰ 刀攀最甀氀愀 愀渀搀 䜀攀爀栀愀爀搀 搀甀爀椀渀最 洀漀猀琀 漀昀 洀礀 椀渀椀琀椀愀氀 㔀 礀攀愀爀猀 椀渀 娀ﰀ爀椀挀栀 眀愀猀 愀 欀攀礀 昀愀挀琀漀爀 昀漀爀 猀甀挀挀攀猀猀 眀椀琀栀 漀甀爀 爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 瀀爀漀最爀愀洀⸀
䤀渀 娀ﰀ爀椀挀栀Ⰰ 眀攀 挀漀渀琀椀渀甀攀搀 爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 漀渀 栀攀洀漀瀀爀漀琀攀椀渀猀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 甀猀攀 漀昀 一䴀刀 愀渀搀 䔀倀刀 猀瀀攀挀琀爀漀猀挀漀瀀礀Ⰰ 眀栀攀爀攀 琀栀攀 戀椀漀挀栀攀洀椀挀愀氀 眀漀爀欀 眀愀猀 洀漀猀琀氀礀 搀漀渀攀 戀礀 最爀漀甀瀀猀 漀甀琀猀椀搀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䔀吀䠀 眀栀漀 樀漀椀渀攀搀 甀猀 昀漀爀 挀漀氀氀愀戀漀爀愀琀椀瘀攀 瀀爀漀樀攀挀琀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 猀瀀攀挀琀爀漀猀挀漀瀀椀挀 眀漀爀欀 眀愀猀 搀漀渀攀 戀礀 刀攀最甀氀愀 䬀攀氀氀攀爀Ⰰ 洀礀猀攀氀昀 愀渀搀 愀 猀甀挀挀攀猀猀椀漀渀 漀昀 最爀愀搀甀愀琀攀 猀琀甀搀攀渀琀猀⸀ 䤀渀 愀搀搀椀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 眀攀 猀琀愀爀琀攀搀 愀 瀀爀漀最爀愀洀 漀昀 猀礀猀琀攀洀愀琀椀挀 猀琀甀搀椀攀猀 漀渀 琀栀攀 愀瀀瀀氀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 一䴀刀 琀攀挀栀渀椀焀甀攀猀 眀椀琀栀 瀀漀氀礀瀀攀瀀琀椀搀攀猀 愀渀搀 猀洀愀氀氀 瀀爀漀琀攀椀渀猀⸀ 匀瀀椀爀椀琀猀 眀攀爀攀 欀攀瀀琀 栀椀最栀 戀礀 猀甀挀挀攀猀猀昀甀氀 猀琀甀搀椀攀猀 漀昀 挀礀挀氀椀挀 瀀攀瀀琀椀搀攀猀 椀渀 挀漀氀氀愀戀漀爀愀琀椀漀渀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 䠀攀愀搀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䤀渀猀琀椀琀甀琀攀 漀昀 䴀漀氀攀挀甀氀愀爀 䈀椀漀氀漀最礀 愀渀搀 䈀椀漀瀀栀礀猀椀挀猀Ⰰ 倀爀漀昀攀猀猀漀爀 刀漀戀攀爀琀 匀挀栀眀礀稀攀爀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 漀戀猀攀爀瘀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 甀渀攀砀瀀攀挀琀攀搀氀礀 眀攀氀氀ⴀ爀攀猀漀氀瘀攀搀 愀渀搀 氀漀渀最氀椀瘀攀搀 一䴀刀 氀椀渀攀猀 漀昀 愀洀椀搀攀 瀀爀漀琀漀渀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀 猀洀愀氀氀 瀀爀漀琀攀椀渀 戀愀猀椀挀 瀀愀渀挀爀攀愀琀椀挀 琀爀礀瀀猀椀渀 椀渀栀椀戀椀琀漀爀 ⠀䈀倀吀䤀⤀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 搀椀猀挀漀瘀攀爀礀 漀昀 ∀爀椀渀最 昀氀椀瀀猀∀ 椀渀 䈀倀吀䤀⸀ 伀渀 琀栀攀 洀愀椀渀 氀椀渀攀 漀昀 爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 氀攀愀搀 琀漀 愀 洀攀琀栀漀搀 昀漀爀 瀀爀漀琀攀椀渀 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀 搀攀琀攀爀洀椀渀愀琀椀漀渀 椀渀 猀漀氀甀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 琀栀攀爀攀 眀愀猀 漀渀氀礀 氀椀琀琀氀攀 瀀爀漀最爀攀猀猀⸀ 䤀渀 㤀㜀㔀Ⰰ 椀渀 愀渀 愀琀琀攀洀瀀琀 琀漀 猀甀爀瘀攀礀 琀栀攀 猀琀愀琀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 昀椀攀氀搀 漀昀 一䴀刀 猀瀀攀挀琀爀漀猀挀漀瀀礀 眀椀琀栀 戀椀漀氀漀最椀挀愀氀 洀愀挀爀漀洀漀氀攀挀甀氀攀猀Ⰰ 䤀 眀爀漀琀攀 琀栀攀 洀漀渀漀最爀愀瀀栀 一䴀刀 椀渀 䈀椀漀氀漀最椀挀愀氀 刀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀㨀 倀攀瀀琀椀搀攀猀 愀渀搀 倀爀漀琀攀椀渀猀⸀ 吀栀攀爀攀 眀攀爀攀 琀眀漀 瀀爀椀渀挀椀瀀愀氀 挀漀渀挀氀甀猀椀漀渀猀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀椀猀 瘀攀渀琀甀爀攀 琀栀愀琀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 最爀攀愀琀氀礀 愀昀昀攀挀琀 琀栀攀 挀漀渀琀椀渀甀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 漀甀爀 眀漀爀欀 瀀氀愀渀⸀ 䘀椀爀猀琀Ⰰ 䤀 昀甀氀氀礀 爀攀愀氀椀稀攀搀 琀栀愀琀 眀攀 爀攀愀氀氀礀 栀愀搀 戀攀攀渀 攀砀琀爀攀洀攀氀礀 昀漀爀琀甀渀愀琀攀 椀渀 挀栀漀漀猀椀渀最 栀攀洀漀瀀爀漀琀攀椀渀猀 愀猀 愀 昀漀挀甀猀 昀漀爀 漀甀爀 攀愀爀氀礀 一䴀刀 攀昀昀漀爀琀猀⸀ 匀攀挀漀渀搀Ⰰ 椀琀 戀攀挀愀洀攀 挀氀攀愀爀 琀栀愀琀 愀琀琀攀洀瀀琀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 攀愀爀氀礀 㤀㜀 猀 琀漀 搀攀爀椀瘀攀 搀攀 渀漀瘀漀 琀栀爀攀攀ⴀ搀椀洀攀渀猀椀漀渀愀氀 瀀爀漀琀攀椀渀 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀猀 昀爀漀洀 挀漀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀ⴀ搀攀瀀攀渀搀攀渀琀 瀀爀漀琀漀渀 挀栀攀洀椀挀愀氀 猀栀椀昀琀猀 眀愀猀 渀漀琀 愀 瀀爀漀洀椀猀椀渀最 愀瀀瀀爀漀愀挀栀Ⰰ 椀渀搀攀瀀攀渀搀攀渀琀 漀昀 眀栀攀琀栀攀爀 琀栀攀猀攀 猀栀椀昀琀猀 眀攀爀攀 挀愀甀猀攀搀 戀礀 椀渀琀爀椀渀猀椀挀 漀爀 攀砀琀爀椀渀猀椀挀 搀椀愀洀愀最渀攀琀椀挀 漀爀 瀀愀爀愀洀愀最渀攀琀椀挀 瀀爀漀戀攀猀⸀ 圀攀 琀栀甀猀 栀愀搀 琀漀 氀漀漀欀 昀漀爀 渀漀瘀攀氀 愀瘀攀渀甀攀猀 昀漀爀 一䴀刀 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀 搀攀琀攀爀洀椀渀愀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 眀栀攀爀攀 栀攀洀漀瀀爀漀琀攀椀渀猀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀椀爀 甀渀椀焀甀攀 一䴀刀猀瀀攀挀琀爀愀氀 瀀爀漀瀀攀爀琀椀攀猀 挀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 愀渀 椀搀攀愀氀 琀攀猀琀椀渀最 最爀漀甀渀搀 昀漀爀 渀攀眀 椀搀攀愀猀⸀
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